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- Woodward
- 9907-028
- Speed and Phase Matching Synchronizer
- USA
- 171 × 292 × 57 mm
- 2.6 kg
- Xiamen, China
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Product Overview
The Woodward 9907-028 SPM-A Speed and Phase Matching Synchronizer is an electronic synchronizing control used to match a generator’s speed and electrical phase with an energized bus before the generator breaker closes. It is intended for generator installations where the incoming unit must be brought into synchronism with an existing power system or another operating generator.
During generator startup, the incoming machine may run at a slightly different frequency from the bus. Even when the voltage levels are acceptable, a frequency or phase-angle difference can cause electrical and mechanical stress if the breaker closes at the wrong instant. The SPM-A monitors the relevant electrical conditions and provides correction signals to the prime-mover speed control so that the incoming generator approaches the required synchronizing point.
The 9907-028 belongs to the Woodward SPM-A family and performs speed and phase matching rather than general engine-speed regulation. It works with an external governor or speed-control system, which adjusts the prime mover in response to the synchronizer’s raise or lower commands. The generator’s voltage-matching function, breaker logic, and electrical protection may be handled by other equipment, depending on the installation.
In a typical standby or parallel-generation system, the synchronizer is enabled after the incoming generator reaches its operating voltage and frequency range. It then coordinates speed correction and phase matching so the breaker can close when the synchronizing conditions are acceptable. The exact closing permissives and protection functions depend on the wider switchgear and generator-control design.
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Woodward |
| Model / Part Number | 9907-028 |
| Product Family | SPM-A |
| Product Type | Speed and Phase Matching Synchronizer |
| Primary Function | Generator speed and phase matching before breaker closure |
| Synchronizing Method | Automatic speed and phase correction |
| Speed Correction Interface | Raise/lower commands to a compatible speed-control system |
| Electrical Measurement | Generator and bus voltage signals, according to the configured system |
| Application | Generator synchronization and parallel operation |
| Control-System Integration | Compatible generator governor and breaker-control architecture |
| Protection Dependency | External synchronism-check and breaker interlocks as required by the installation |
| Dimensions | 171 × 292 × 57 mm |
| Weight | 2.6 kg |
Product Features
- Automatic speed matching: Sends correction commands to bring the incoming generator frequency toward the bus frequency.
- Phase-angle matching: Supports alignment of the incoming generator’s electrical phase with the bus before closing.
- Governor interface: Works with a compatible speed-control system to adjust prime-mover speed.
- Generator-paralleling support: Helps coordinate the synchronizing process for installations with multiple generating units.
- Breaker-close coordination: Provides synchronizing control information for use within the overall breaker-closing sequence.
- Dedicated synchronizer function: Separates speed and phase matching from the main engine-governing and generator-protection functions.
- Control-system integration: Can be incorporated into generator panels with suitable voltage sensing, governor interfaces, and breaker logic.
Working Principle
The 9907-028 compares the electrical conditions of the incoming generator with those of the live bus and determines whether speed and phase corrections are needed. It sends raise or lower commands to the compatible governor so the generator frequency moves toward the bus frequency and the phase difference decreases.
A typical synchronizing sequence follows this path:
Incoming Generator → Voltage and Phase Measurement → 9907-028 SPM-A → Governor Speed Correction → Phase Alignment → Breaker-Closing Sequence
When the incoming generator frequency is higher or lower than the bus frequency, the synchronizer issues the appropriate speed-correction command. The governor changes prime-mover speed, causing the generator’s electrical frequency to move toward the bus frequency. The resulting frequency difference determines how quickly the phase angle changes between the two electrical sources.
As the frequencies approach one another, the synchronizer continues to evaluate the phase relationship. The objective is to bring the incoming generator into the permitted synchronizing window so the breaker can close with an acceptably small voltage phase-angle difference. Breaker operating time and the system’s closing logic must be considered when configuring the complete arrangement.
The SPM-A does not replace the governor, generator voltage regulator, or electrical protection system. It coordinates speed and phase matching, while the governor changes mechanical speed, the voltage regulator manages generator excitation, and the breaker-control system enforces the required closing permissives.
Correct synchronizing performance depends on suitable voltage sensing, correct phase connections, compatible governor command interfaces, and properly configured closing logic. Incorrect phase wiring or signal polarity can prevent successful synchronization even when the individual components are operating.
Role in the Generator Synchronization Architecture
The 9907-028 occupies the synchronizing-control stage between generator/bus measurement circuits and the prime-mover speed-control system. It coordinates frequency and phase correction, while other equipment manages excitation, breaker operation, and protective interlocks.
Incoming Generator + Live Bus Measurements → 9907-028 SPM-A → Governor → Prime Mover → Generator Frequency Correction
| System Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Woodward 9907-028 SPM-A | Coordinates speed and phase matching |
| Incoming Generator | Supplies the electrical source being synchronized |
| Live Bus | Provides the reference electrical system |
| Voltage-Sensing Circuits | Supply generator and bus voltage information |
| Governor or Speed Control | Adjusts prime-mover speed in response to correction commands |
| Prime Mover | Changes generator frequency through speed adjustment |
| Automatic Voltage Regulator | Controls excitation and generator voltage |
| Generator Circuit Breaker | Connects the incoming generator to the bus |
| Synchronism-Check Relay | Enforces configured electrical closing conditions where fitted |
| Breaker-Control Logic | Coordinates close commands, permissives, and interlocks |
Industrial Applications
| Application | Typical Use |
|---|---|
| Standby Generator Systems | Synchronizing an incoming generator with an energized bus |
| Industrial Power Plants | Coordinating generator frequency and phase before paralleling |
| Multiple Generator Installations | Bringing additional generating units onto a common bus |
| Data Center Power Systems | Supporting controlled synchronization in suitable generator architectures |
| Hospital Backup Power | Synchronizing standby generation where parallel operation is required |
| Remote Power Stations | Coordinating generator entry into an operating electrical system |
| Combined Heat and Power Plants | Matching generator output with an existing plant bus |
| Industrial Utility Rooms | Supporting synchronizing sequences in generator switchgear |
| Generator Retrofit Projects | Replacing a synchronizer after verifying the control interfaces |
| Generator Commissioning | Testing speed correction, phase alignment, and breaker-close coordination |
Installation and Maintenance
- Verify the complete model reference: Confirm 9907-028 and distinguish it from the 9907-029, which includes a voltage-matching function. The 9907-028 provides speed and phase matching without automatic voltage matching.
- Check the generator and bus inputs: Verify that both voltage-sensing circuits are configured for the specified 115 or 230 V AC RMS input and the correct 50/60 Hz system frequency.
- Inspect voltage-sensing connections: Confirm the phase connections, transformer ratios where applicable, wiring polarity, and terminal assignments before enabling synchronization.
- Verify governor compatibility: Check that the connected 2301, 2301A, EPG, or other supported control system accepts the synchronizer’s output configuration.
- Select the operating mode: Verify the external mode switch and confirm whether RUN, CHECK, PERMISSIVE, or OFF is required for the commissioning stage.
- Inspect the breaker-close circuit: Confirm that the normally open breaker-close relay is connected to the appropriate breaker-control circuit and that its contact ratings suit the connected load.
- Check the phase-matching settings: Verify the configured phase window and match-up time against the generator’s operating requirements and the breaker-closing characteristics.
- Confirm the output impedance: Check the synchronizer output configuration against the connected governor or load-sharing control to ensure that the speed-bias signal is interpreted correctly.
- Test synchronization without breaker closure: Use CHECK mode to verify frequency correction and phase alignment without permitting the synchronizer to close the breaker.
- Verify permissive operation: Where required, use PERMISSIVE mode to confirm that the synchronizing conditions are acceptable without allowing speed trimming or voltage adjustment.
- Test automatic synchronization: Under an approved commissioning procedure, verify that RUN mode produces the expected speed correction and breaker-close command when synchronization conditions are satisfied.
- Record the final settings: Document the input voltage configuration, phase window, match-up time, operating mode, output impedance, and breaker-control interface for future maintenance.
Compatible System Components
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Woodward 9907-028 SPM-A | Matches generator frequency and phase with the energized bus |
| Woodward 2301 Load-Sharing Control | Receives the compatible high-impedance synchronizer output |
| Woodward 2301A Control | Receives the compatible low-impedance output configuration |
| Electrically Powered Governor (EPG) | Provides compatible prime-mover speed control |
| Generator Voltage-Sensing Circuit | Supplies the incoming generator’s voltage reference |
| Bus Voltage-Sensing Circuit | Supplies the live bus reference for synchronization |
| Automatic Voltage Regulator | Controls generator excitation and voltage independently of the 9907-028 |
| Generator Circuit Breaker | Connects the synchronized generator to the bus |
| External Mode Selector Switch | Selects RUN, CHECK, PERMISSIVE, or OFF |
| Breaker-Control Circuit | Receives the synchronizer’s breaker-close contact signal |
| Synchronism-Check Relay | Provides additional closing supervision where required by the system design |
Recommended Related Models
| Model | Product Type | Selection Consideration |
|---|---|---|
| Woodward 9907-028 | SPM-A Speed and Phase Matching Synchronizer | 50/60 Hz operation, ±10° phase window, without voltage matching |
| Woodward 9907-029 | SPM-A Synchronizer with Voltage Matching | Adds 1% voltage matching to the corresponding synchronizing function |
| Woodward 9905-003 | SPM-A Synchronizer | Provides 5% voltage matching with a ±10° phase window |
| Woodward 9905-004 | SPM-A Synchronizer | Provides a ±5° phase window without voltage matching |
| Woodward 9905-005 | SPM-A Synchronizer | Provides 1% voltage matching with a ±5° phase window |
| Woodward 9905-006 | SPM-A Synchronizer | Provides 0.5% voltage matching with a ±10° phase window |
| Woodward 2301A | Electronic Load-Sharing Control | Compatible control family for supported synchronizer output configurations |
Key Advantages
- Automatically coordinates generator frequency and phase before breaker closure.
- Supports 50/60 Hz generator applications.
- Provides a selectable phase-matching window and match-up time.
- Offers RUN, CHECK, PERMISSIVE, and OFF operating modes.
- Supports automatic breaker-close commands through a dedicated relay contact.
- Integrates with compatible Woodward governor and load-sharing control systems.
Technical FAQs
Does the 9907-028 automatically match generator voltage as well as frequency and phase?
No. The 9907-028 provides speed and phase matching without automatic voltage matching. Generator voltage must be brought within the required limits through the excitation system or other suitable control arrangement before paralleling.
What is the purpose of the CHECK operating mode?
CHECK mode allows the synchronizing process to be tested without issuing the breaker-close command. It is useful during commissioning when engineers need to verify frequency correction and phase alignment before enabling automatic breaker closure.
Which phase-angle window is associated with the 9907-028?
The specified configuration uses a nominal ±10° phase-matching window. The synchronizer family offers other phase-window options under different part numbers, so the installed model must be verified when replacing an existing unit.
Can the 9907-028 operate with a Woodward 2301A controller?
Yes, the SPM-A family supports compatible 2301A control arrangements through the specified low-impedance output configuration. The governor interface, wiring, and control settings must match the installed system before commissioning.